garbage collection

RU: сборка мусора

Automatic memory management performed by a runtime system: the garbage collector (GC) periodically identifies heap objects that are no longer reachable from any live variable and reclaims their memory, freeing the programmer from manual allocation/deallocation. Used by Java, Python, JavaScript, Go, and C# runtimes. GC removes memory-leak and use-after-free bugs at the cost of periodic pauses or background CPU overhead.